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Kerala Politics |
Like other Indian states and Commonwealth countries, Kerala is governed through a parliamentary system of representative democracy; universal suffrage is granted to residents. There are three branches of government. The legislature, or the legislative assembly, consists of elected members and special office bearers (the Speaker and Deputy Speaker) elected by assemblymen. Assembly meetings are presided over by the Speaker (or the Deputy Speaker if the Speaker is absent). The judiciary comprises the Kerala High Court (including a Chief Justice combined with 26 permanent and two additional (pro tempore) justices) and a system of lower courts. The executive authority—comprising the Governor of Kerala (the de jure head of state appointed by the President of India), the Chief Minister of Kerala (the de facto head of state: the Legislative Assembly's majority party leader is appointed to this position by the Governor), and the Council of Ministers (appointed by the Governor, with input from the Chief Minister). The Council of Ministers is answerable to the Legislative Assembly. Auxiliary authorities known as panchayats, for which local body elections are regularly held, govern local affairs.
Kerala hosts two major political alliances: the United Democratic Front (UDF—led by the Indian National Congress) and the Left Democratic Front (LDF—led by the CPI(M)). At present, the LDF is the ruling coalition and V.S. Achuthanandan of the CPI(M) is the Chief Minister. Kerala is one of the few regions in the world where communist parties are democratically elected in a parliamentary democracy. Compared with most other Indians, Keralites are well versed with the political process and many elections are decided by razor thin margins of victory.
The state's 2005–2006 budget was 219 billion INR;[33] its 2005 tax revenues (excluding income from the Union tax pool) amounted to 111,248 million INR, while non-tax revenues totaled 10,809 million INR.[34] Kerala's high ratio of taxation to gross state domestic product (GSDP) has not alleviated chronic budget deficits and unsustainable levels of government debt, impacting social services.
NATIONAL PARTIES
BJP - Bharatiya Janata Party
CPI - Communist Party of India
CPM - Communist Party of India (Marxist)
INC - Indian National Congress
NCP - Nationalist Congress Party
STATE PARTIES
CPI(ML)(L) - Communist Party of India (Marxist-Lenninist) (Liberation)
JD(S) - Janata Dal (Secular)
JD(U) - Janata Dal (United)
KEC - Kerala Congress
KEC(M) - Kerala Congress (M)
MUL - Muslim League Kerala State Committee
RJD - Rashtriya Janata Dal
RSP - Revolutionary Socialist Party
SHS - Shivsena
REGISTERED(Unrecognised) PARTIES
AKMDMP - All Kerala M.G.R. Dravida Munnetra Party
CMPKSC - Communist Marxist Party Kerala State Committee
INGP - Indian National Green Party
INL - Indian National League
JP - Janata Party
JPSS - Janadhipathiya Samrekshna Samiti
KEC(B) - Kerala Congress (B)
KEC(J) - Kerala Congress (Jacob)
LJNSP - Lok Jan Shakti Party
RSPK(B) - Revolutionary Socialist Party of Kerala (Bolshevik)
SJP(R) - Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya)
SLAP - Social Action Party
UIPP - United India Peoples Party |
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Little do men percieve what solitue is, and how far it extendeth. For a crowd is not company, and faces are but a gallery of pictures, and talk but a tinkling cymbal, where there is no love. |
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